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Computer memory is called Random Access Memory (RAM). The
information stored in RAM can be accessed randomly, rather than
sequentially. This means that data can be found in any location
at the same rate of speed. Other storage media, such as CD-Rom
and hard drives, must wait while the drive spins to the correct
location before the data can be accessed.
Computer memory is simply a storage area for the program code
and the data that program uses. Computer programs use RAM to
write and retrieve information, allowing for fast data retrieval
and manipulation.
How Much RAM is Enough?
Simply stated, the answer is, as much as possible. Keep in mind,
though, once you've reached a certain upper limit, which is
determined by the computer program(s) used, investment in more
memory will see a diminished return.
Adding more memory is one of the best ways to maximize computer
performance. If you compare 2 identical computer systems, the
one with the most memory will over-all be the faster. More RAM
allows the computer to place more program instructions into
memory, relying less on the slower hard drive.
Think of 512 Megabytes (MB) as the base standard for a modern
computer. With that you can multi-task (run several applications
concurrently). For instance, you can check email and download
MP3s, without noticeable sluggishness.
Some applications, however, are more memory-hungry than others.
Graphics programs, for example, are notoriously greedy. Memory
needs are further exagerated by the operating system used.
Microsoft Windows is far more demanding than, say, Linux.
Currently, most PCs use Windows, though.
Should you notice your computer slowing down, consider adding
more memory. Before committing to that option, however, try
de-fragmenting your hard drive with a utility (program) designed
for that sole purpose. A fragmented hard drive is a common cause
of stalled computer performance.
Types of RAM
Right now DDR SDRAM is the most popular memory module. DDR
stands for Double Data Rate, which means that the memory can be
accessed twice per clock-cycle. SDRAM, the acronym for
Synchronous Data Random Access Memory, has been the standard for
memory modules for nearly a decade.
To add memory to your computer, you must install modules with
the correct contact layout. Before purchasing new memory, you
must know which type your motherboard will accept. The most
common form factors are 168 pin, 184 pin and 200 pin.
You'll also need to know whether there are slots available on
your motherboard. If all the slots are already in use, you'll
have to replace 1 or all of the current modules with higher
capacity ones. If there is at least 1 free slot, you can simply
buy a new memory module and insert it in the empty slot.
A word of caution: whereas some motherboards can accept either
SDRAM or DDR SDRAM, the 2 types cannot be mixed. You must decide
on 1 or the other. Check the motherboard manual first to
determine which kind of memory your computer requires.
And finally, when you are ready to install your brand new memory
module, make sure of 2 things: the power is off (for your
safety) and you are electrically grounded (for your computer's
safety).
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